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References use in compiling our beetroot juice information page.

Please find all the reference material used in compiling the information on beetroot juice and its health benefits.

Please note that we see the beetroot juice as an alternative supportive and complementary health product.

beetroot juice

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  38. Effects of dietary nitrate on blood pressure in healthy volunteers.; Larsen FJ, Ekblom B, Sahlin K, Lundberg JO, Weitzberg E.; N Engl J Med. 2006; 355: 2792–2793.
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  51. Dietary nitrate supplementation reduces the O2 cost of low-intensity exercise and enhances tolerance to high-intensity exercise in humans.; Bailey SJ, Winyard P, Vanhatalo A, Blackwell JR, Dimenna FJ, Wilkerson DP, Tarr J, Benjamin N, Jones AM.; J Appl Physiol. 2009 Oct;107(4):1144-55. Epub 2009 Aug 6.
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  55. Optimization of nitric oxide chemiluminescence operating conditions for measurement of plasma nitrite and nitrate.; Bateman RM, Ellis CG, Freeman DJ.; Clin Chem 48: 570–573, 2002.
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  61. Nanomolar concentrations of nitric oxide reversibly inhibit synaptosomal respiration by competing with oxygen at cytochrome oxidase.; Brown GC, Cooper CE.; FEBS Lett 356: 295–298, 1994.
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  63. Dietary nitrite supplementation protects against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury.; Bryan NS, Calvert JW, Elrod JW, Gundewar S, Ji SY, Lefer DJ.; Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 104: 19144–19149, 2007.
  64. Nitrite is a signaling molecule and regulator of gene expression in mammalian tissues.; Bryan NS, Fernandez BO, Bauer SM, Garcia-Saura MF, Milsom AB, Rassaf T, Maloney RE, Bharti A, Rodriguez J, Feelisch M.; Nat Chem Biol 1: 290–297, 2005.
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  73. Prior exercise speeds pulmonary O2 uptake kinetics by increases in both local muscle O2 availability and O2 utilization.; DeLorey DS, Kowalchuk JM, Heenan AP, duManoir GR, Paterson DH.; J Appl Physiol 103: 771–778, 2007.
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  75. Dynamics of noninvasively estimated microvascular O2 extraction during ramp exercise.; Ferreira LF, Koga S, Barstow TJ.; J Appl Physiol 103: 1999–2004, 2007.
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  77. Nitrite as a vascular endocrine nitric oxide reservoir that contributes to hypoxic signaling, cytoprotection, and vasodilation.; Gladwin MT, Raat NJ, Shiva S, Dezfulian C, Hogg N, Kim-Shapiro DB, Patel RP.; Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 291: H2026–H2035, 2006.
  78. The emerging biology of the nitrite anion.; Gladwin MT, Schechter AN, Kim-Shapiro DB, Patel RP, Hogg N, Shiva S, Cannon RO 3rd, Kelm M, Wink DA, Espey MG, Oldfield EH, Pluta RM, Freeman BA, Lancaster JR Jr., Feelisch M, Lundberg JO.; Nat Chem Biol 1: 308–314, 2005.
  79. The increase in plasma nitrite after a dietary nitrate load is markedly attenuated by an antibacterial mouthwash.; Govoni M, Jansson EA, Weitzberg E, Lundberg JO.; Nitric Oxide 19: 333–337, 2008.
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  81. Muscle oxygenation and pulmonary gas exchange kinetics during cycle exercise on-transitions in humans.; Grassi B, Pogliaghi S, Rampichini S, Quaresima V, Ferrari M, Marconi C, Cerretelli P.; J Appl Physiol 95: 149–158, 2003.
  82. Relaxation of bovine coronary artery and activation of coronary arterial guanylate cyclase by nitric oxide, nitroprusside and a carcinogenic nitrosoamine.; Gruetter CA, Barry BK, McNamara DB, Gruetter DY, Kadowitz PJ, Ignarro L.; J Cyclic Nucleotide Res 5: 211–224, 1979.
  83. Redistribution of intracellular oxygen in hypoxia by nitric oxide: effect on HIF1 alpha.; Hagen T, Taylor CT, Lam F, Moncada S.; Science 302: 1975–1978, 2003.
  84. Flow-injection spectrophotometric determination of nitrite and nitrate in biological samples.; Higuchi K, Motomizu S.; Anal Sci 15: 129–134, 1999.
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  88. Nitric oxide synthase inhibition with L-NAME reduces maximal oxygen uptake but not gas exchange threshold during incremental cycle exercise in man.; Jones AM, Wilkerson DP, Campbell IT.; J Physiol 560: 329–338, 2004.
  89. Inhibition of nitric oxide synthase by L-NAME speeds phase II pulmonary VO2 kinetics in the transition to moderate-intensity exercise in man.; Jones AM, Wilkerson DP, Koppo K, Wilmshurst S, Campbell IT.; J Physiol 552: 265–272, 2003.
  90. Influence of L-NAME on pulmonary O2 uptake kinetics during heavy-intensity cycle exercise.; Jones AM, Wilkerson DP, Wilmshurst S, Campbell IT.; J Appl Physiol 96: 1033–1038, 2004.
  91. Cardiorespiratory impact of the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor L-NAME in the exercising horse.; Kindig CA, Gallatin LL, Erickson HH, Fedde MR, Poole DC.; Respir Physiol 120: 151–166, 2000.
  92. Nitric oxide synthase inhibition speeds oxygen uptake kinetics in horses during moderate domain running.; Kindig CA, McDonough P, Erickson HH, Poole DC.; Respir Physiol Neurobiol 132: 169–178, 2002.
  93. Intense interval training enhances human skeletal muscle oxygen uptake in the initial phases of dynamic exercise at high but not at low intensities.; Krustrup P, Hellsten YH, Bangsbo J.; J Physiol 559: 335–345, 2004.
  94. Muscular and pulmonary O2 uptake kinetics during moderate- and heavy-intensity sub-maximal knee-extensor exercise in humans.; Krustrup P, Jones AM, Wilkerson DP, Calbet JA, Bangsbo J.; J Physiol 587: 1843–1856, 2009.
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  96. Effects of dietary nitrate on oxygen cost during exercise.; Larsen FJ, Ekblom B, Sahlin K, Lundberg JO, Weitzberg E.; Acta Physiol (Oxf) 191: 59–66, 2007.
  97. Inorganic nitrate is a possible source for systemic generation of nitric oxide.; Lundberg JO, Govoni M.; Free Radic Biol Med 37: 395–400, 2004.
  98. Nitrate, bacteria and human health.; Lundberg JO, Weitzberg E, Cole JA, Benjamin N.; Nat Rev Microbiol 2: 593–602, 2004.
  99. Sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-pump dysfunction in rat cardiomyocytes briefly exposed hydroxyl radical.; Morris TE, Sulakhe PV.; Free Radic Biol Med 22: 37–47, 1997.
  100. No differences in cycling efficiency between world-class and recreational cyclists.; Moseley L, Achten J, Martin JC, Jeukendrup AE.; Int J Sports Med 25: 374–379, 2004.
  101. Mitochondrial biogenesis by NO yields functionally active mitochondria in mammals.; Nisoli E, Falcone S, Tonello C, Cozzi V, Palomba L, Fiorani M, Pisconti A, Brunelli S, Cardile A, Francolini M, Cantoni O, Carruba MO, Moncada S, Clementi E.; Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 101: 16507–16512, 2004.
  102. Control of oxygen uptake during exercise.; Poole DC, Barstow TJ, McDonough P, Jones AM.; Med Sci Sports Exerc 40: 462–474, 2008.
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  106. Dynamics of intramuscular 31P-MRS Pi peak splitting and the slow components of PCr and O2 uptake during exercise.; Rossiter HB, Ward SA, Howe FA, Kowalchuk JM, Griffiths JR, Whipp BJ.; J Appl Physiol 93: 2059–2069, 2002.
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  108. Redox modulation of contractile function in respiratory and limb skeletal muscle.; Smith MA, Reid MB.; Respir Physiol Neurobiol 151: 229–241, 2006.
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  110. The biological lifetime of nitric oxide: implications for the perivascular dynamics of NO and O2.; Thomas DD, Liu X, Kantrow SP, Lancaster JR Jr.; Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 98: 355–360, 2001.
  111. Cytochrome c oxidase rapidly metabolizes nitric oxide to nitrite.; Torres J, Sharpe MA, Rosquist A, Cooper CE, Wilson MT.; FEBS Lett 475: 263–266, 2000.
  112. Nitrite as regulator of hypoxic signaling in mammalian physiology.; van Faassen EE, Bahrami S, Feelisch M, Hogg N, Kelm M, Kim-Shapiro DB, Kozlov AV, Li H, Lundberg JO, Mason R, Nohl H, Rassaf T, Samouilov A, Slama-Schwok A, Shiva S, Vanin AF, Weitzberg E, Zweier J, Gladwin MT.; Med Res Rev 29: 683–741, 2009.
  113. Acute blood pressure lowering, vasoprotective, and antiplatelet properties of dietary nitrate via bioconversion to nitrite.; Webb AJ, Patel N, Loukogeorgakis S, Okorie M, Aboud Z, Misra S, Rashid R, Miall P, Deanfield J, Benjamin N, MacAllister R, Hobbs AJ, Ahluwalia A.; Hypertension 51: 784–790, 2008.
  114. A test to determine parameters of aerobic function during exercise.; Whipp BJ, Davis JA, Torres F, Wasserman K.; J Appl Physiol 50: 217–221, 1981.
  115. Oxygen uptake kinetics for various intensities of constant-load work.; Whipp BJ, Wasserman K.; J Appl Physiol 33: 351–356, 1972.
  116. Influence of hyperoxia on pulmonary O2 uptake kinetics following the onset of exercise in humans.; Wilkerson DP, Berger NJ, Jones AM.; Respir Physiol Neurobiol 153: 92–106, 2006.
  117. Influence of nitric oxide synthase inhibition on pulmonary O2 uptake kinetics during supra-maximal exercise in humans.; J Physiol 561: 623–635, 2004.; Wilkerson DP, Campbell IT, Jones AM.
  118. Dietrary exposures to nitrate in the UK.; Ysart G, Miller P, Barrett G, Farrington D, Lawrance P, Harrison N.; Food Addit Contam 16: 521–532, 1999.
  119. Fruits and vegetables protect against the genotoxicity of heterocyclic aromatic amines activated by human xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes expressed in immortal mammalian cells.; Platt KL, Edenharder R, Aderhold S, Muckel E, Glatt H.; Mutat Res. 2010 Dec 21;703(2):90-8.
  120. Drinking water with red beetroot food color antagonizes esophageal carcinogenesis in N-nitrosomethylbenzylamine-treated rats.; Lechner JF, Wang LS, Rocha CM, Larue B, Henry C, McIntyre CM, Riedl KM, Schwartz SJ, Stoner GD.; J Med Food. 2010 Jun;13(3):733-9.
  121. Influence of cooking methods on antioxidant activity of vegetables.; Jimιnez-Monreal AM, Garcνa-Diz L, Martνnez-Tomι M, Mariscal M, Murcia MA.; J Food Sci. 2009 Apr;74(3):H97-H103.
  122. Protective effect of red beetroot against carbon tetrachloride- and N-nitrosodiethylamine-induced oxidative stress in rats.; Kujawska M, Ignatowicz E, Murias M, Ewertowska M, Mikołajczyk K, Jodynis-Liebert J.; J Agric Food Chem. 2009 Mar 25;57(6):2570-5.
  123. In vitro effects of beetroot juice and chips on oxidative metabolism and apoptosis in neutrophils from obese individuals.; Zielińska-Przyjemska M, Olejnik A, Dobrowolska-Zachwieja A, Grajek W.; Phytother Res. 2009 Jan;23(1):49-55.
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  125. Mass spectrometric detection and formation of D-amino acids in processed plant saps, syrups, and fruit juice concentrates.; Pδtzold R, Brόckner H.; J Agric Food Chem. 2005 Dec 14;53(25):9722-9.
  126. Total oxidant scavenging capacities of common European fruit and vegetable juices.; Lichtenthδler R, Marx F.; J Agric Food Chem. 2005 Jan 12;53(1):103-10.
  127. Chemoprevention of DMBA-induced UV-B promoted, NOR-1-induced TPA promoted skin carcinogenesis, and DEN-induced phenobarbital promoted liver tumors in mice by extract of beetroot.; Kapadia GJ, Azuine MA, Sridhar R, Okuda Y, Tsuruta A, Ichiishi E, Mukainake T, Takasaki M, Konoshima T, Nishino H, Tokuda H.; Pharmacol Res. 2003 Feb;47(2):141-8.
  128. Phase II enzyme-inducing and antioxidant activities of beetroot (Beta vulgaris L.) extracts from phenotypes of different pigmentation.; Wettasinghe M, Bolling B, Plhak L, Xiao H, Parkin K.; J Agric Food Chem. 2002 Nov 6;50(23):6704-9.
  129. Betalains and phenolics in red beetroot (Beta vulgaris) peel extracts: extraction and characterisation.; Kujala T, Loponen J, Pihlaja K.; Z Naturforsch C. 2001 May-Jun;56(5-6):343-8.
  130. Phenolics and betacyanins in red beetroot (Beta vulgaris) root: distribution and effect of cold storage on the content of total phenolics and three individual compounds.; Kujala TS, Loponen JM, Klika KD, Pihlaja K.; J Agric Food Chem. 2000 Nov;48(11):5338-42.
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  134. Intragastric nitrosation and precancerous lesions of the gastrointestinal tract: testing of an etiological hypothesis.; Crespi M, Ohshima H, Ramazzotti V, Muρoz N, Grassi A, Casale V, Leclerc H, Calmels S, Cattoen C, Kaldor J, et al.; IARC Sci Publ. 1987;(84):511-7.
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Skin care

  • Healing cream
    • To assist in wound healing while soothing skin complaints – such as eczema and psoriasis, acne and piles and moisturizing and protecting the skin. This product has shown its effectiveness over a wide range of problems and judging from sales over more than a decade – it is the trusted healing cream to help with all mishaps, allergic reactions, irritated, burning, itchy and uncomfortable skin conditions.
  • Face wash
    • This face wash will properly clean your face and remove all impurities and environmental pollutants, without drying the skin. It contains eight herbal extracts to help promote a clear, vital and healthy complexion and a younger looking skin.
  • Moisturizing day cream
    • This day cream is formulated to help fight the signs of aging on various fronts. It helps to reduce free radical damage which, if left unchecked, leads to premature aging. The herbal extracts help to promote cell rejuvenation and regeneration and provide moisture and hydration to the skin.
  • Nourishing night cream
    • This nourishing night cream penetrates the skin extremely well and does not make the skin feel oily. It contains a host of herbal extracts to help in the fight against premature aging and has added vitamin E as well. Apart from the moisturizing effect and the anti-aging properties it also softens and smoothes the skin.
  • Eye gel
    • An effective refreshing eye gel to help reduce puffiness and dark rings around the eyes, while fighting wrinkles and lines. This is a very clever combination of herbal extracts and the base formula has its roots in a clinically proven formula.
  • Mud face mask
    • With this skin treatment product we combined a special selection of herbs in a base of thermal mud with oligoelements. This recommended weekly treatment will boost circulation to the skin, help to fight wrinkles and lines, improve firmness while at the same time improving suppleness and elasticity of the skin.

 

Hair care

  • Shampoo with rosemary extract + 7 other herbals
    • Our shampoo is in a class of its own – and granted – it is far more expensive than cheap supermarket shampoos, but no other shampoo has the active ingredients we have in our shampoo. The rosemary will boost the health of the hair and scalp, while the other seven herbal extracts will help strengthen the hair and make it shine, increase the volume and make it manageable.
  • Rosemary hair treatment conditioner
    • We have found that this hair conditioner should really be used as a conditioning treatment. This then removes the need to condition the hair every time you wash – and can be used once a month. It is a superb hair tonic and helps in the control of sebum secretion of the scalp. Although not formulated for dandruff – the ingredients will assist with this as well, while supporting the health of the scalp.

 

Specialized herbal gels and lotions

  • Hand and body lotion
    • When formulating this hand and body lotion we created a rich nourishing, protecting and reviving lotion, which will not leave the skin oily or tacky, but will create a well moisturized, hydrated and supple skin. After applying this lotion it will quickly be absorbed by the skin, leaving it silky soft, smooth and well moisturized.
  • Stretch mark gel
    • Although nothing can remove already formed stretch marks (only surgery can do that) – thousands of satisfied clients confirm that this gel improves the appearance of old stretch marks. The gel will help in PREVENTING stretch marks (a 92% success rate) and is used with great success by expectant mothers and body builders who may form marks when bulking-up. The formula of this gel is based on clinical studies done in France, to which we added other herbal extracts.

 

Herbal supplements

 

Other products

  • Jojoba oil
    • This liquid golden ester not only moisturizes and penetrates the skin but also helps to fight wrinkles and lines while promoting a clear and unblemished skin. Jojoba does not clog the pores but helps to restore skin elasticity and smoothness. It will leave the skin supple and velvety soft without any oiliness and can be used neat on the skin.
  • Almond oil
    • This light and deeply moisturizing oil has a softening effect on the skin and can be used on the face and body. Almond oil has excellent emollient properties and helps to balance water and moisture loss in the skin. It can be used neat on the skin and also makes an excellent massage base.
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and must not be used to treat or diagnose medical conditions.


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Statements made regarding the products, ingredients and general information
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All ingredients used in our products are safe and are not banned, controlled or restricted.

All products are manufactured in licensed laboratories following strict GMP and ISO standards.

Our site was last updated on 1 January 2024

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